The intellectual process of regularly analysing their fit-for-purpose realistic design is required for innovative and sustainable research advancements. A single, quick-fix solution is impossible due to the variety of demanding geo-environments and growing project limitations. In order to address societal-related geo-environmental concerns, it is necessary to go beyond unsustainable backfilling practises and follow the advice provided by the current proliferation of standards, ratings, and certification. High initial building expenditures are often followed by costly and inconvenient maintenance in difficult scenarios. The significant self-weight of road embankment fills on yielding subgrades like peat soils necessitates novel fill designs, from rock armours in flood protection to undulating road surfaces. This chapter discusses traditional and alternative, sustainable fills, as well as innovative and relevant technologies, allowing for sustainable innovation in a variety of construction contexts.

Author(s) Details

Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera
University of East London, United Kingdom and (Retired), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Malaysia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V5/article/view/2086