The subclinical type of mastitis is difficult to diagnose and causes the dairy industry to suffer tremendous economic losses. It has become a danger to public health as a whole, so a definite diagnosis of the disease is required. Due to its adverse effect on milk production and quality and its effects on public health, subclinical mastitis is of greater significance within the sense of mastitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a novel diagnostic marker to diagnose the subclinical type of mastitis. The presence of proteose peptone component 3 precursor, trypsin precursor, complement component-C3, Ig heavy chain precursors and a C-type lectin domain as differentially expressed protein during the early stage of mastitis was discovered by two-dimensional gel analysis of the whey protein fraction of normal and mastitis milk samples. Complement component-C3 was evaluated for its diagnostic potential among these proteins found. The Western blot analysis of milk whey in subclinical cases of mastitis (M+, M++ & M+++) established the accumulation of C3a, a complement component-C3 enabled substance. In addition, the hemolytic behaviour of the milk whey samples cited above correlated positively with the number of somatic cells. Since C3a has already been identified as an anaphylotoxic agent, chemo tactically attracts lymphocytes at the inflammation site, which can be diagnostically relevant for subclinical mastitis in the detection of milk whey. Therefore, for the diagnosis of mastitis, the use of the complement component may be considered, as it has been shown to be directly linked to the removal of microorganisms activated during infection and activated products such as C3a are detected in milk, as shown in this study.
Author(s) Details
Dr. Thanislass Jacob
Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry 605 009, India.
Gangasudan Subramani
Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry 605 009, India.
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