Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Analysis: A Methodology for Organizational Neuroscience
Recently, the appliance of neurobiology strategies and findings to the study of structure phenomena has gained vital interest and converged within the rising field of organizational neuroscience. Yet, this body of analysis has chiefly targeted on the brain, usually high fuller analysis of the activities of the human system and associated strategies offered to assess them. during this article, we tend to aim to slim this gap by reviewing vital sign variability (HRV) analysis, that is that set of strategies assessing beat-to-beat changes within the regular recurrence over time, wont to draw abstract thought on the outflow of the involuntary system (ANS). additionally to anatomo-physiological and elaborated method issues, we tend to discuss connected theoretical, ethical, and sensible implications. Overall, we tend to argue that this technique offers the chance not solely to tell on a wealth of constructs relevant for management inquiries however additionally to advance the overarching structure neurobiology analysis agenda and its ecological validity. [1]
Effects of prenatal exercise on fetal heart rate, umbilical and uterine blood flow: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective To perform a scientific review and meta-analysis examining the influence of acute and chronic antepartum exercise on foetal rate (FHR) and point and female internal reproductive organ blood flow metrics.
Design Systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.
Data sources on-line databases were searched up to six January 2017.
Study eligibility criteria Studies of all styles were enclosed (except case studies) if revealed in English, Spanish or French, and contained data on the population (pregnant girls while not reason to exercise), intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume or sort of exercise, alone [“exercise-only”] or together with different intervention parts [eg, dietary; “exercise + co-intervention”]), comparator (no exercise or completely different frequency, intensity, duration, volume and kind of exercise) and outcomes (FHR, beats per minute (bpm); female internal reproductive organ and point blood flow metrics (systolic:diastolic (S/D) ratio; Pulsatility Index (PI); Resistance Index (RI); blood flow, mL/min; and blood speed, cm/s)).
Results ‘Very low’ to ‘moderate’ quality proof from ninety one distinctive studies (n=4641 women) were enclosed. Overall, FHR increased throughout (mean distinction (MD)=6.35bpm; ninety five CI two.30 to 10.41, I2=95%, p=0.002) and following acute exercise (MD=4.05; 95% CI two.98 to 5.12, I2=83%, p [2]
Should heart rate variability be “corrected” for heart rate? Biological, quantitative, and interpretive considerations
Metrics of heart amount variability are wide employed in the activity and medical specialty sciences, though somewhat bewilderingly labelled as rate variability (HRV). Despite their wide use, HRV metrics are sometimes analyzed and
interpreted while not relation to prevailing levels of viscus chronotropic state (i.e., mean rate or mean heart period). This isolated treatment of HRV metrics is nontrivial. All HRV metrics habitually employed in the literature exhibit a well-known and positive relationship with the mean period of the interval between 2 beats (heart period): because the heart period will increase, thus will its variability. This raises the question of whether or not HRV metrics ought to be “corrected” for the mean heart amount (or its inverse, the center rate). Here, we have a tendency to define biological, quantitative, and interpretative problems engendered by this question. we offer arguments that HRV is neither uniformly nor merely a surrogate for heart amount. we have a tendency to conjointly determine data gaps that stay to be satisfactorily addressed with regard to assumptions underlying existing HRV correction approaches. In doing thus, we have a tendency to aim to stimulate more progress toward the rigorous use and disciplined interpretation of HRV. we have a tendency to shut with tentative steerage on HRV news that acknowledges the advanced interaction between the mean and variability of the center amount. [3]
Control of heart rate through guided high-rate breathing
Understanding the complicated dynamics of cardio-respiratory coupling sheds lightweight on the underlying mechanisms governing the communication between these 2 physiological systems. Previous analysis has preponderantly thought-about the coupling at metastasis rates slower than the center rate and shown that respiratory oscillations result in modulation and/or synchronization of the heart rate. Whereas the mechanisms of cardio-respiratory communication are still beneath discussion, peripheral nervous regulation is taken into account to be the predominant issue. This work offers a completely unique experimental style and applies the conception of instant part to find cardio-respiratory entrainment at elevated respiration rates, near the resting rate. If such 1:1 entrainment exists, it might recommend direct neural communication between the respiration and heart centres within the brain. we’ve determined 1:1 entrainment all told volunteers, with systematically longer synchronization episodes seen in physically fitter folks, and incontestible that cardio-respiratory synchronization at each low and high respiration rates is related to a typical underlying communication mechanism. [4]
The Effects of a Delay Following Warm-up on the Heart Rate Response to Sudden Strenuous Exercise
Introduction: abrupt strenuous exercise (SSE) has antecedently been shown to end in cardiograph (ECG) abnormalities indicative of cardiac muscle ischaemia once not preceded by a prolusion. Athletes often bear south southeast and are often unable to prolusion in real time before competition. it’s unknown whether or not a delay post prolusion can end in the identical rate (HR) response to south southeast as seen with no warm-up.
Aims: to match the hour response and to watch for ECG abnormalities throughout south southeast with a heat up, with a delay once heat up and while not a warm up.
Methods: Seven male subjects at random completed 3 south southeast exercise conditions whereas being monitored by ECG; a fifteen second supramaximal sprint following three conditions: no heat up (NW); in real time following a prolusion (WU); and following a 10-minute delay post warm up (D). there have been no ECG abnormalities across any of the conditions indicative of cardiac muscle ischaemia.
Results: important variations (p [5]
Reference
[1] Massaro, S. and Pecchia, L., 2019. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis: A methodology for organizational neuroscience. Organizational Research Methods, 22(1), pp.354-393. (Web Link)
[2] Skow, R.J., Davenport, M.H., Mottola, M.F., Davies, G.A., Poitras, V.J., Gray, C.E., Garcia, A.J., Barrowman, N., Meah, V.L., Slater, L.G. and Adamo, K.B., 2019. Effects of prenatal exercise on fetal heart rate, umbilical and uterine blood flow: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med, 53(2), pp.124-133. (Web Link)
[3] de Geus, E.J., Gianaros, P.J., Brindle, R.C., Jennings, J.R. and Berntson, G.G., 2019. Should heart rate variability be “corrected” for heart rate? Biological, quantitative, and interpretive considerations. Psychophysiology, 56(2), p.e13287. (Web Link)
[4] Control of heart rate through guided high-rate breathin
Sean Perry, Natasha A. Khovanova & Igor A. Khovanov
Scientific Reportsvolume 9, Article number: 1545 (2019) (Web Link)
[5] Lesser, I. A. and Hodges, A. N. H. (2015) “The Effects of a Delay Following Warm-up on the Heart Rate Response to Sudden Strenuous Exercise”, Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 8(9), pp. 765-771. doi: 10.9734/BJMMR/2015/17374. (Web Link)
