The Continuous Plankton Recorder: concepts and history, from Plankton Indicator to undulating recorders
Alister Hardy conceived the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey in the 1920s as a means of mapping near-surface plankton in space and time, interpreting the changing fortunes of the fisheries and relating plankton changes to hydrometeorology and climatic change. The seed he planted has grown to become the most extensive long-term survey of marine organisms in the world and the breadth of his vision becomes ever more apparent. [1]
Microdistribution of plankton
The term ‘microdistribution’ is to some extent self-explanatory and itis undesirable to define too rigidly the size of the physical dimensions at which distribution is considered to become ‘micro’ since this would restrict discussion of some of the more significant implications of the subject. The concept of microdistribution, though sometimes studied for its own sake, first arose in connection with the estimation of sampling errors in large-scale geographical investigations. Since it is hoped that every plankton sample is representative of the population of a very much larger volume of water, the range of variation in samples taken within this volume is of importance in evaluating the differences between more widely spaced samples. [2]
Climate change and marine plankton
Understanding how climate change will affect the planet is a key issue worldwide. Questions concerning the pace and impacts of climate change are thus central to many ecological and biogeochemical studies, and addressing the consequences of climate change is now high on the list of priorities for funding agencies. [3]
Physico-Chemical Quality and Plankton Density of Water in Duck-Fish Production Systems
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of duck manure and spilled duck feed on water quality and production of Oreochromis niloticus in an integrated system with local duck breeds. [4]
Fish Yields in Relation to Water Quality and Plankton Production in Managed and Unmanaged Fresh Water Ponds
Managed and unmanaged (unmanaged) extensive culture fisheries systems in small village ponds in the district of Kurukshetra, Haryana, India were explored and analyzed focusing on the relationship amongst water quality, production of fish food organisms, fish yields and management actions. [5]
Reference
[1] Reid, P.C., Colebrook, J.M., Matthews, J.B.L., Aiken, J.C.P.R. and Team, C.P.R., 2003. The Continuous Plankton Recorder: concepts and history, from Plankton Indicator to undulating recorders. Progress in Oceanography, 58(2-4), pp.117-173.
[2] Cassie, R.M., 1963. Microdistribution of plankton. Oceanography and marine biology: an annual review.
[3] Hays, G.C., Richardson, A.J. and Robinson, C., 2005. Climate change and marine plankton. Trends in ecology & evolution, 20(6), pp.337-344.
[4] C. Nnaji, J. (2014) “Physico-Chemical Quality and Plankton Density of Water in Duck-Fish Production Systems”, Chemical Science International Journal, 4(6), pp. 975-982. doi: 10.9734/ACSJ/2014/11604.
[5] Singh, G., Bhatnagar, A., Alok, K. and Ajay, S. (2016) “Fish Yields in Relation to Water Quality and Plankton Production in Managed and Unmanaged Fresh Water Ponds”, Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 14(6), pp. 1-10. doi: 10.9734/JEAI/2016/29744.
