Along the Kinneret-watershed ecosystems’ historical record, significant changes in ecological and anthropogenic processes have been documented: Climate change, which included air temperature swings, periodic occurrence of droughts, river (Jordan and others) discharge reductions, and subsurface flows in the Hula Valley, was accompanied by high amplitude Lake Water Level (WL) variations. Natural and artificial factors influence the lake and its drainage basin, which are two biologically connected components of one ecosystem. Regional climate change and dryness processes (SPI, Standard Precipitation Index enhancement) expressed as precipitation decline, air and lake water temperature increase, river discharges and lake input volumes restriction, and consequently decline of WL and water availability for domestic and agricultural supply and elongation of RT duration.

Author (s) Details

Moshe Gophen
MIGAL-Scientific Research Institute, P.O.B. 831, Kiryat Shmona (11016), Israel.

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